Systematic review and consensus guidelines for environmental sampling of Burkholderia pseudomallei

Limmathurotsakul, Direk and Dance, David A. B. and Wuthiekanun, Vanaporn and Kaestli, Mirjam and Mayo, Mark and Warner, Jeffrey and Wagner, David M. and Tuanyok, Apichai and Wertheim, Heiman and Cheng, Tan Yoke and Mukhopadhyay, Chiranjay and Puthucheary, Savithiri and Day, Nicholas P. J. and Steinmetz, Ivo and Currie, Bart J. and Peacock, Sharon J. (2013) Systematic review and consensus guidelines for environmental sampling of Burkholderia pseudomallei. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 7 (3). e2105. ISSN 1935-2727

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Abstract

Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei, a Tier 1 Select Agent and the cause of melioidosis, is a Gram-negative bacillus present in the environment in many tropical countries. Defining the global pattern of B. pseudomallei distribution underpins efforts to prevent infection, and is dependent upon robust environmental sampling methodology. Our objective was to review the literature on the detection of environmental B. pseudomallei, update the risk map for melioidosis, and propose international consensus guidelines for soil sampling. Methods/Principal Findings: An international working party (Detection of Environmental Burkholderia pseudomallei Working Party (DEBWorP)) was formed during the VIth World Melioidosis Congress in 2010. PubMed (January 1912 to December 2011) was searched using the following MeSH terms: pseudomallei or melioidosis. Bibliographies were handsearched for secondary references. The reported geographical distribution of B. pseudomallei in the environment was mapped and categorized as definite, probable, or possible. The methodology used for detecting environmental B. pseudomallei was extracted and collated. We found that global coverage was patchy, with a lack of studies in many areas where melioidosis is suspected to occur. The sampling strategies and bacterial identification methods used were highly variable, and not all were robust. We developed consensus guidelines with the goals of reducing the probability of falsenegative results, and the provision of affordable and 'low-tech' methodology that is applicable in both developed and developing countries. Conclusions/Significance: The proposed consensus guidelines provide the basis for the development of an accurate and comprehensive global map of environmental B. pseudomallei.

Item Type:	Article
ID number or DOI:	10.1371/journal.pntd.0002105
Keywords:	Burkholderia pseudomallei; B. pseudomallei; melioidosis; infectious disease;
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology
NAU Depositing Author Academic Status:	Faculty/Staff
Department/Unit:	Research Centers > Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Date Deposited:	18 Oct 2015 19:16
URI:	http://openknowledge.nau.edu/id/eprint/1752

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