Wildland fire effects in silviculturally treated vs. untreated stands of New Mexico and Arizona

Cram, D. and Baker, T. and Boren, J. (2006) Wildland fire effects in silviculturally treated vs. untreated stands of New Mexico and Arizona. Technical Report. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, US.

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Abstract

Stand-replacement fires, particularly in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests, have replaced high frequency, low-intensity historical fire regimes. We examined whether forest stands treated recently using silvicultural practices would be (1) less susceptible to stand-replacing crownfires, and (2) more ecologically and functionally resilient compared to untreated stands following extreme wildland fire. Reports detailing wildland fire behavior in treated stands remain largely anecdotal. We compared fire severity indices, fireline intensity (btu/ft/s), stand characteristics including canopy bulk density (kg/m3), and post-fire recovery indices in silviculturally treated vs. untreated forest stands in New Mexico and Arizona. Results indicated fire severity in pine-grassland forests was lowered when surface and aerial fuel loads were reduced. Specifically, as density (stems/ac) and basal area (ft2/ac) decreased and mean tree diameter (in) increased, fire severity and fireline intensity decreased. The more aggressive the treatment (i.e., where the canopy bulk density was reduced), the less susceptible forest stands were to crownfire. However, mechanical treatments where slash was scattered rendered stands susceptible to near stand-replacement type damage when wildfire occurred within 4 years of treatment. On our study sites, mechanical treatment followed by prescribed fire had the greatest impact toward mitigating fire severity (i.e., aerial and surface fuels were reduced). Treated stands were also more ecologically and functionally resilient than untreated forest stands following wildland fire.

Item Type:	Monograph (Technical Report)
ID number or DOI:	RMRS-RP-55
Keywords:	ERI Library, report, canopy bulk density, fire behavior, fire ecology, fire severity, Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), silviculture, Overstory, Fire effects
Subjects:	S Agriculture > SD Forestry
Department/Unit:	Research Centers > Ecological Restoration Institute
Date Deposited:	29 Aug 2016 20:32
URI:	http://openknowledge.nau.edu/id/eprint/2536

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