An objective approach for Burkholderia pseudomallei strain selection as challenge material for medical countermeasures efficacy testing

Van Zandt, Kristopher E. and Tuanyok, Apichai and Keim, Paul S. and Warren, Richard L. and Gelhaus, H. Carl (2012) An objective approach for Burkholderia pseudomallei strain selection as challenge material for medical countermeasures efficacy testing. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2. 9 pp.. ISSN 2235-2988

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Abstract

Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a rare disease of biodefense concern with high mortality and extreme difficulty in treatment. No human vaccines are available that protect against B. pseudomallei infection, and with the current limitations of antibiotic treatment, the development of new preventative and therapeutic interventions is crucial. Although clinical trials could be used to test the efficacy of new medical countermeasures (MCMs), the high mortality rates associated with melioidosis raises significant ethical issues concerning treating individuals with new compounds with unknown efficacies. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has formulated a set of guidelines for the licensure of new MCMs to treat diseases in which it would be unethical to test the efficacy of these drugs in humans. The FDA “Animal Rule” 21 CFR 314 calls for consistent, well-characterized B. pseudomallei strains to be used as challenge material in animal models. In order to facilitate the efficacy testing of new MCMs for melioidosis using animal models, we intend to develop a well-characterized panel of strains for use. This panel will comprise of strains that were isolated from human cases, have a low passage history, are virulent in animal models, and are well-characterized phenotypically and genotypically. We have reviewed published and unpublished data on various B. pseudomallei strains to establish an objective method for selecting the strains to be included in the panel of B. pseudomallei strains with attention to five categories: animal infection models, genetic characterization, clinical and passage history, and availability of the strain to the research community. We identified 109 strains with data in at least one of the five categories, scored each strain based on the gathered data and identified six strains as candidate for a B. pseudomallei strain panel.

Item Type:	Article
Publisher’s Statement:	© 2012 Van Zandt, Tuanyok, Keim, Warren and Gelhaus. This article is protected by copyright and was first published by Frontiers. All rights reserved. It is reproduced with permission.
ID number or DOI:	10.3389/fcimb.2012.00120
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics Q Science > QR Microbiology
NAU Depositing Author Academic Status:	Faculty/Staff
Department/Unit:	Research Centers > Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Date Deposited:	14 Oct 2015 01:24
URI:	http://openknowledge.nau.edu/id/eprint/679

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