Mechanobiology of the aortic valve: a multiscale approach

Soltany Sadrabadi, Mohammadreza (2022) Mechanobiology of the aortic valve: a multiscale approach. Doctoral thesis, Northern Arizona University.

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Abstract

Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most appeared disease in aortic valve diseases. Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the fundamental reason for AS. Herein, we present a computational model to represent the mechanobiology of the aortic valve caused by CAVD. This thesis aimed to study: 1- The effect of blood flow on the mass transport of biochemicals involved in CAVD near the aortic valve 2- Growth and remodeling of the aortic valve due to CAVD and aging to find a better understanding of AS 3- Coupling the mechanosensitive systems biology and cell signaling pathways with growth and remodeling in the tissue scale to have a comprehensive model of growth and remodeling due to CAVD and aging. First, the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model coupled with mass transport of biochemicals near the aortic valve simulations were performed. A correlation between vortex structure and the concentration of biochemicals near the aortic valve was found. The results show that the vortex structure topology near the aortic valve can trap biochemicals causing CAVD. For the second aim, kinematic growth and remodeling of the aortic valve due to aging and calcification were modeled to see the effects in AS. Herein, growth and remodeling of the aortic valve due to aging and calcification were coupled with elastodynamics of the aortic valve. Our results show that the growth and remodeling of the aortic valve due to calcification have a crucial effect on the dynamic of the valve. The essential reduction in geometric orifice area due to CAVD and aging was observed. Also, the aortic valve dynamics dramatically changed after growth and remodeling due to CAVD and aging. Finally, cell signaling pathways that cause CAVD on the scale of minutes and hours were coupled with the growth and remodeling of the aortic valve at the tissue scale level, which takes years. A novel computational framework was developed to see the relation between these two temporal and spatial scales. Three test subjects (cube, idealized aneurysm, and an aortic valve) were developed, and different conditions were imposed. The system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and partial differential equations (PDEs) were modeled for systems biology at the cell-scale. Kinematic growth and remodeling were imposed as the tissue-scale. The results show that the concentration of biochemicals and reactions between them and the choice between the ODE and PDE modeling affect the growth patterns. Our results indicate that choosing a suitable model for systems biology can lead to a more satisfactory insight of growth in tissue scale.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Publisher’s Statement:	© Copyright is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the Cline Library, Northern Arizona University. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
Keywords:	Aortic stenosis; Calcific aortic valve disease; Fluid-structure interation; Elastodynamics; Biomiechanics
Subjects:	R Medicine > RD Surgery
MeSH Subjects:	E Analytical,Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment > E04 Surgical Procedures, Operative
NAU Depositing Author Academic Status:	Student
Department/Unit:	Graduate College > Theses and Dissertations College of Engineering, Informatics, and Applied Sciences > Mechanical Engineering
Date Deposited:	07 Jun 2023 16:32
Last Modified:	07 Jun 2023 16:32
URI:	https://openknowledge.nau.edu/id/eprint/5974

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